Forces affecting the Earth.

1. Gravity: The force of gravity is responsible for keeping objects on Earth's surface and holding the atmosphere in place. It also affects the tides and the orbits of celestial bodies.

2. Plate tectonics: The movement of Earth's tectonic plates is driven by forces within the planet's interior, leading to earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains and ocean basins.

3. Solar radiation: The energy from the Sun drives Earth's climate and weather patterns, influencing temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation.

4. Magnetic field: Earth's magnetic field is generated by the movement of molten iron in the outer core, protecting the planet from harmful solar radiation and guiding migratory animals.

5. Atmospheric pressure: Variances in air pressure create wind patterns and weather systems, affecting temperature, humidity, and precipitation across the globe.

6. Human activities: Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions can have significant impacts on Earth's ecosystems, climate, and natural resources.