First of all, what is cataract? What does cataract actually do?

Cataract is a common eye condition characterized by the clouding of the natural lens inside the eye, leading to a decrease in vision. The lens, located behind the iris, helps focus light onto the retina, allowing us to see clearly. However, when a cataract forms, it becomes opaque and prevents light from passing through effectively.

As a result, cataracts cause blurry or hazy vision, difficulty seeing in low light conditions, increased sensitivity to glare, and reduced color perception. Some individuals may also experience double vision or frequent changes in eyeglass prescription. If left untreated, cataracts can progressively worsen and significantly impact daily activities such as reading, driving, or recognizing faces.

Cataracts are primarily age-related, but they can also develop due to factors like genetics, certain medical conditions (such as diabetes), eye injuries, prolonged use of certain medications, or prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The treatment for cataracts usually involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) to restore clear vision.