Features of unitry system or state?

1. Centralized government: In a unitary system, the central government holds most of the power and authority. Local governments or regions may have limited autonomy and are subject to the control of the central government.

2. Uniform laws and policies: A unitary state typically has uniform laws, policies, and regulations that apply across the entire country. This helps to ensure consistency and coherence in governance.

3. Efficient decision-making: With power concentrated at the central level, decision-making processes can be more efficient and streamlined. This can lead to quicker responses to issues and challenges.

4. Clear hierarchy of authority: In a unitary system, there is a clear hierarchy of authority, with the central government at the top. This can help to prevent conflicts and confusion over who has the final say on important matters.

5. Greater accountability: Because the central government is responsible for most decisions and policies, it is easier to hold officials accountable for their actions. This can help to reduce corruption and ensure transparency in governance.

6. Ease of coordination: In a unitary system, it is easier to coordinate policies and programs across different regions or localities. This can lead to more effective implementation of government initiatives.

7. Reduced duplication of services: With a centralized government, there is less duplication of services and resources across different levels of government. This can lead to cost savings and more efficient use of taxpayer funds.

Features of a Unitary System or State:

1. Centralized Power:
- All legislative, executive, and judicial powers are vested in a single central government.
- Regional or local governments have limited or no autonomy.

2. Uniform Laws and Policies:
- Laws, regulations, and policies apply uniformly across the entire country.
- There is no significant variation in laws or governance between different regions.

3. Strong Central Government:
- The central government has extensive authority over the appointment and removal of officials at lower levels.
- Regional or local governments are typically subordinate to the central government.

4. Limited Regional Autonomy:
- Regional or local governments may have some delegated responsibilities, but these are typically circumscribed by the central government.
- Regional autonomy is usually limited to minor matters of local governance.

5. National Sovereignty:
- The unitary state exercises sovereignty over its entire territory.
- There is no concept of shared sovereignty between the central and regional governments.

6. Single Citizenship:
- All citizens of the unitary state have a single, national citizenship.
- There is no regional or local citizenship concept.

7. Central Fiscal Control:
- The central government controls the allocation and distribution of financial resources.
- Regional or local governments have limited fiscal autonomy.

8. Uniform Taxation System:
- Taxes are levied and collected by the central government on a uniform basis.
- There are typically no significant variations in tax rates or policies between regions.

9. Centralized Public Services:
- Essential public services, such as healthcare, education, and infrastructure, are provided by the central government.
- Regional or local governments may have limited roles in these areas but are ultimately accountable to the central authority.

10. National Unity:
- The unitary system aims to promote national unity and cohesion by emphasizing shared values and a common identity.