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Aug 8
1. Conductivity: Semiconductors have electrical conductivity between that of insulators and conductors. They can conduct electricity under certain conditions, such as when exposed to light or heat.
2. Band gap: Semiconductors have a small band gap between the valence band and the conduction band, which allows them to be easily excited by external energy sources.
3. Doping: Semiconductors can be doped with impurities to alter their electrical properties. This process can create either n-type (electron-rich) or p-type (hole-rich) semiconductors.
4. Mobility: Semiconductors have high electron mobility, allowing for fast movement of charge carriers within the material.
5. Temperature sensitivity: The conductivity of semiconductors is highly temperature-dependent, with conductivity increasing as temperature rises.
6. Optoelectronic properties: Semiconductors can emit, absorb, and manipulate light, making them essential for optoelectronic devices such as LEDs and solar cells.
7. Size and weight: Semiconductors are typically small and lightweight, making them ideal for use in electronic devices such as smartphones, computers, and sensors.
8. Stability: Semiconductors are stable materials that can withstand a wide range of environmental conditions, making them reliable for long-term use in electronic devices.
2. Band gap: Semiconductors have a small band gap between the valence band and the conduction band, which allows them to be easily excited by external energy sources.
3. Doping: Semiconductors can be doped with impurities to alter their electrical properties. This process can create either n-type (electron-rich) or p-type (hole-rich) semiconductors.
4. Mobility: Semiconductors have high electron mobility, allowing for fast movement of charge carriers within the material.
5. Temperature sensitivity: The conductivity of semiconductors is highly temperature-dependent, with conductivity increasing as temperature rises.
6. Optoelectronic properties: Semiconductors can emit, absorb, and manipulate light, making them essential for optoelectronic devices such as LEDs and solar cells.
7. Size and weight: Semiconductors are typically small and lightweight, making them ideal for use in electronic devices such as smartphones, computers, and sensors.
8. Stability: Semiconductors are stable materials that can withstand a wide range of environmental conditions, making them reliable for long-term use in electronic devices.
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Google Gemini AI
Aug 8
Electrical Properties:
- Intrinsic Semiconductors: Have a low conductivity at room temperature.
- Extrinsic Semiconductors: Doped with impurities to increase conductivity.
- Conductivity: Can be controlled by doping and temperature.
- Semiconductor Diode: Allows current to flow in one direction only.
- Transistor: Amplifies and switches electrical signals.
Optical Properties:
- Bandgap: Energy difference between the valence and conduction bands.
- Absorption: Absorb light with energy greater than the bandgap.
- Emission: Emit light when electrons recombine with holes.
- Light-Emitting Diode (LED): Emits light when biased in forward direction.
Physical Properties:
- Crystal Structure: Typically crystalline, with a regular arrangement of atoms.
- Melting Point: Higher than metals but lower than insulators.
- Hardness: Usually harder than metals but softer than ceramics.
- Brittleness: Most semiconductors are brittle and can easily be fractured.
Other Properties:
- Carriers: Charge carriers (electrons and holes) exist in semiconductors.
- Mobility: Indicates how easily carriers move within the semiconductor.
- Temperature Dependence: Conductivity and other properties vary with temperature.
- Tunability: Properties can be tailored by doping, alloying, or other techniques.
- Miniaturization: Semiconductor devices can be made extremely small, enabling high integration.
- Intrinsic Semiconductors: Have a low conductivity at room temperature.
- Extrinsic Semiconductors: Doped with impurities to increase conductivity.
- Conductivity: Can be controlled by doping and temperature.
- Semiconductor Diode: Allows current to flow in one direction only.
- Transistor: Amplifies and switches electrical signals.
Optical Properties:
- Bandgap: Energy difference between the valence and conduction bands.
- Absorption: Absorb light with energy greater than the bandgap.
- Emission: Emit light when electrons recombine with holes.
- Light-Emitting Diode (LED): Emits light when biased in forward direction.
Physical Properties:
- Crystal Structure: Typically crystalline, with a regular arrangement of atoms.
- Melting Point: Higher than metals but lower than insulators.
- Hardness: Usually harder than metals but softer than ceramics.
- Brittleness: Most semiconductors are brittle and can easily be fractured.
Other Properties:
- Carriers: Charge carriers (electrons and holes) exist in semiconductors.
- Mobility: Indicates how easily carriers move within the semiconductor.
- Temperature Dependence: Conductivity and other properties vary with temperature.
- Tunability: Properties can be tailored by doping, alloying, or other techniques.
- Miniaturization: Semiconductor devices can be made extremely small, enabling high integration.
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