1. Sovereignty: A modern state has the ultimate authority and power over its territory and population, without interference from external forces.
2. Rule of Law: A modern state is governed by a system of laws that are applied equally to all citizens, including government officials.
3. Democracy: Many modern states are democratic, with regular elections, separation of powers, and protection of individual rights and freedoms.
4. Bureaucracy: A modern state has a complex administrative system to implement and enforce laws, policies, and services.
5. Public Services: A modern state provides essential services to its citizens, such as education, healthcare, infrastructure, and social welfare.
6. National Identity: A modern state often promotes a sense of national identity and unity among its citizens, through symbols, history, language, and culture.
7. Defense and Security: A modern state is responsible for protecting its citizens from external threats and maintaining internal security through a military and law enforcement agencies.
8. Economic Development: A modern state promotes economic growth and development through policies that support businesses, trade, and investment.
9. International Relations: A modern state engages in diplomacy and cooperation with other countries to promote peace, security, and economic prosperity.
10. Accountability: A modern state is accountable to its citizens through transparency, accountability, and mechanisms for oversight and redress.