Types of Leaves Based on Texture:
- Smooth leaves: Have a glossy or waxy surface, such as those of magnolias and camellias.
- Rough leaves: Have a bumpy or hairy texture, such as those of roses and ferns.
Types of Leaves Based on Shape:
- Simple leaves: Have a single, undivided blade, such as those of oaks and maple trees.
- Compound leaves: Have a blade that is divided into leaflets, which may be attached to a single petiole or to separate petiolules. Subtypes include:
- Palmately compound: Leaflets originate from a central point, such as those of horse chestnuts.
- Pinnately compound: Leaflets arranged along a central axis, such as those of ash trees.
- Bipinnately compound: Pinnately compound leaflets that are themselves pinnately divided, such as those of ferns.
Types of Leaves Based on Margin:
- Entire margin: Smooth, without any indentations, such as those of bay laurels.
- Serrate margin: Toothed, with small, forward-pointing projections, such as those of oaks.
- Dentate margin: Toothed, with large, forward-pointing projections, such as those of dogwoods.
- Crenate margin: Toothed, with rounded projections, such as those of beech trees.
- Lobed margin: With deep, rounded indentations, such as those of maple trees.
Types of Leaves Based on Vein Pattern:
- Parallel veins: Veins run parallel to each other, such as in grasses and lilies.
- Netted veins: Veins form a network of interconnected lines, such as in dicotyledons (e.g., maple trees).
Other Leaf Types:
- Needle leaves: Narrow, sharp, and evergreen, such as those of pine trees.
- Scale leaves: Small, modified leaves that lack chlorophyll, such as those of succulents.
- Bracts: Leaf-like structures that often accompany flowers or inflorescences, such as those of poinsettias.