Explain the phenomenon of back siphonage?

Back siphonage is a phenomenon that occurs when there is a sudden drop in pressure in a plumbing system, causing water to flow backwards through the pipes. This can happen when there is a break in the water main, a sudden high demand for water in the system, or when a nearby fire hydrant is opened.

When back siphonage occurs, contaminated water from sources such as toilets, sinks, or industrial processes can be drawn back into the clean water supply. This can lead to the contamination of the water supply with harmful bacteria, chemicals, or other pollutants.

To prevent back siphonage, backflow prevention devices are installed in plumbing systems to ensure that water only flows in one direction. These devices create a physical barrier that prevents contaminated water from entering the clean water supply. Regular maintenance and testing of these devices are essential to ensure they are functioning properly and protecting the water supply from contamination.