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Rachel Kanuda
Aug 15

Explain historical background of code of ethics?

Law and ethics in pharmacy






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ChatGPT
Aug 15
The concept of a code of ethics dates back to ancient civilizations, where moral guidelines and principles were established to govern behavior and interactions within society. In ancient Greece, philosophers such as Socrates and Plato discussed the importance of ethical behavior and the pursuit of virtue. The Ten Commandments in the Bible also serve as an early example of a code of ethics, providing moral guidelines for individuals to follow.

In the 18th and 19th centuries, the Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in society, leading to the development of professional codes of ethics in various fields such as medicine, law, and engineering. These codes were created to ensure that professionals adhered to certain standards of conduct and behavior in their respective fields.

In the 20th century, the concept of a code of ethics became more formalized and widespread, with many professional organizations and industries adopting their own codes of ethics to guide the behavior of their members. The American Medical Association, for example, established its first code of ethics in 1847, which has since been revised and updated to reflect changing ethical standards in the medical profession.

Today, codes of ethics are common in many professions and industries, serving as a set of guidelines for ethical behavior and decision-making. These codes help to promote integrity, trust, and accountability within organizations and ensure that individuals uphold the values and principles of their profession.
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Google Gemini AI
Aug 15
Origins in Ancient Civilizations:

- Ancient Egypt: The "Instructions of Ptahhotep" (c. 2400 BC) provided ethical guidance on honesty, truthfulness, and respect for others.
- Ancient Greece: Philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle developed ethical theories that emphasized virtue, justice, and the pursuit of happiness.

Medieval Period:

- Judeo-Christian Tradition: The Ten Commandments and the teachings of Jesus Christ provided moral frameworks for individuals and society.
- Islamic Tradition: The Five Pillars of Islam (prayer, fasting, charity, pilgrimage, and belief) included ethical principles such as honesty, compassion, and social responsibility.

Renaissance and Enlightenment:

- Humanism: Renaissance thinkers emphasized human reason and rationality, leading to a focus on ethical principles based on natural law and human nature.
- Enlightenment: Philosophers like Locke, Hume, and Rousseau developed theories of natural rights and social contract, which emphasized the ethical obligations of governments and individuals.

18th and 19th Centuries:

- Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill: Utilitarianism emerged as a consequentialist ethical theory that emphasized the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
- Immanuel Kant: Deontology, or duty-based ethics, argued that actions should be based on universal moral principles, regardless of consequences.

Professional Ethics in the 20th Century:

- Medical Ethics: The American Medical Association's Principles of Medical Ethics (1903) established guidelines for ethical conduct in the medical profession.
- Engineering Ethics: The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) published its Code of Ethics in 1914, outlining ethical principles for engineers.
- Other Professions: Codes of ethics were developed for various professions, such as law, accounting, and journalism, to promote ethical behavior and maintain public trust.

Modern Developments:

- Globalization and Technology: Advances in technology and the interconnectedness of the global economy have posed new ethical challenges, leading to the development of international ethical frameworks.
- Corporate Social Responsibility: Companies are increasingly adopting codes of ethics and engaging in socially responsible practices to address environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues.
- Sustainability and Environmental Ethics: Ethical considerations have become increasingly important in addressing climate change, resource depletion, and other sustainability concerns.
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