Electromagnetic theory is a branch of physics that studies the interactions between electric and magnetic fields. It describes how these fields are generated, how they propagate through space, and how they interact with matter.
The theory is based on Maxwell's equations, which were formulated by James Clerk Maxwell in the 19th century. These equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated by electric charges and currents, and how they influence each other.
According to electromagnetic theory, electric fields are created by electric charges, while magnetic fields are created by moving electric charges (currents). These fields can interact with each other, leading to phenomena such as electromagnetic waves, which are waves of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that can propagate through space.
Electromagnetic theory is fundamental to understanding a wide range of phenomena in physics, including light, radio waves, and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. It also plays a crucial role in modern technology, such as in the design of electronic devices, communication systems, and electromagnetic imaging techniques.