Explain electric shock with reference to electric safety.

Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with an electrical current. This can happen when a person touches a live wire, faulty electrical appliance, or an exposed electrical outlet. The severity of the shock depends on the voltage of the current and the duration of exposure.

Electric shock can be dangerous and even fatal in some cases. It can cause burns, muscle contractions, nerve damage, and even cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is important to practice electrical safety to prevent electric shock. This includes:

1. Avoiding contact with live wires or electrical appliances with exposed wires.
2. Using ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) in areas where water is present, such as bathrooms and kitchens.
3. Ensuring that electrical outlets and appliances are properly grounded.
4. Keeping electrical cords and appliances away from water.
5. Using insulated tools when working with electricity.
6. Turning off the power before working on electrical systems.

By following these safety measures, the risk of electric shock can be minimized, ensuring the safety of individuals working with or around electricity.

Electric Shock

Electric shock occurs when an electrical current passes through the body, causing damage to tissues and potentially life-threatening injuries.

Electrical Safety

To prevent electric shock, it is crucial to adhere to electrical safety practices, which include:

1. Insulation and Grounding:

- Electrical wires should be properly insulated and grounded to avoid contact with conductive surfaces.
- Grounding ensures that excess current flows safely into the ground, reducing the risk of shock.

2. Circuit Breakers and Fuses:

- Circuit breakers and fuses protect circuits from overcurrent, preventing electrical fires and shocks.
- They trip or blow when the current exceeds a safe level.

3. GFCIs (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters):

- GFCIs sense small imbalances in electrical current and quickly disconnect power to prevent shocks.
- They are particularly important in areas where water is present, such as bathrooms and kitchens.

4. Maintenance and Inspection:

- Regularly inspect electrical equipment for damage or wear.
- Loose wires, cracked insulation, or overheating components can pose a shock hazard.
- Have electrical systems serviced by qualified electricians.

5. Safety Precautions:

- Avoid touching electrical outlets, switches, or wires with wet hands.
- Never attempt to repair electrical equipment yourself unless qualified.
- Use non-conducting tools and wear appropriate protective gear when working near electricity.
- Be aware of potential hazards in your environment, such as exposed wires or downed power lines.

Effects of Electric Shock

The severity of an electric shock depends on several factors, including:

- Voltage and current of the electrical source
- Duration of exposure
- Path of the current through the body

Mild shocks may cause tingling, numbness, or muscle spasms. However, severe shocks can lead to:

- Burns
- Cardiac arrest
- Neurological damage
- Electrocution

First Aid for Electric Shock:

1. Call for emergency medical services immediately.
2. If possible, turn off the power source or disconnect the victim from the electrical current.
3. Do not touch the victim with bare hands. Use non-conducting materials to move them away from the danger.
4. Perform CPR or use an automated external defibrillator (AED) if the victim is unresponsive or not breathing.
5. Do not give the victim any food or drink.