- Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains of mineral particles. It is formed when sediment from rivers, streams, and other bodies of water is deposited and compacted over time. Sandstone is a common building material and is also used for paving, landscaping, and other purposes. - Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed of calcium carbonate. It is formed when calcium-rich water evaporates and leaves behind calcite crystals. Limestone is a common building material and is also used for making cement, lime, and other products. - Shale is a sedimentary rock composed of fine-grained clay minerals. It is formed when mud or silt is deposited and compacted over time. Shale is a common building material and is also used for making bricks, tiles, and other products. - Coal is a sedimentary rock composed of organic matter. It is formed when plant material is buried and heated and compressed over time. Coal is a major source of energy and is used to generate electricity, heat homes and businesses, and power transportation. - Petroleum is a sedimentary rock composed of hydrocarbons. It is formed when organic matter is buried and heated and compressed over time. Petroleum is a major source of energy and is used to make gasoline, diesel fuel, heating oil, and other products.