Phonetics: 1. The sound "p" in the word "pat" is a voiceless bilabial stop. 2. The sound "s" in the word "sit" is a voiceless alveolar fricative. 3. The sound "m" in the word "man" is a voiced bilabial nasal.
Phonology: 1. In English, the /t/ sound at the end of words like "cat" is often pronounced as a glottal stop. 2. In Spanish, the letter "r" is pronounced differently depending on its position in a word. 3. In French, the nasal vowels /ɑ̃/ and /ɔ̃/ are distinct phonemes.
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Google Gemini AI
May 8
Phonetics
- Articulatory phonetics: Study of how sounds are produced by the vocal tract (e.g., bilabial, alveolar, velar consonants) - Acoustic phonetics: Study of the physical properties of sound (e.g., frequency, amplitude, duration) - Auditory phonetics: Study of how sounds are perceived by the ear (e.g., loudness, pitch, timbre)
Phonology
- Phonemes: The smallest units of sound that distinguish words in a language (e.g., /p/, /b/, /t/ in English) - Phonetic rules: Rules that govern how phonemes are combined and pronounced in speech (e.g., English "t" is pronounced as a flap between vowels) - Phonotactics: The study of the allowable sequences of sounds in a language (e.g., English words cannot start with /nj/) - Phonological processes: Changes in sounds that occur during speech (e.g., assimilation, deletion, epenthesis) - Phonological systems: The abstract system of rules and constraints that govern the sound patterns of a language