Example of categorical vs hypothetical imperatives.

Categorical imperative: "Always tell the truth."

Hypothetical imperative: "If you want to pass the exam, study hard."

Categorical Imperative:

- "Act only according to that maxim whereby you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law."
- Focuses on universal principles of morality that apply to everyone, regardless of circumstances.
- Example: "Tell the truth, no matter what."

Hypothetical Imperative:

- "Act in such a way that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means."
- Focuses on specific actions that are necessary to achieve a desired end or goal.
- Example: "If you want to pass the exam, study hard."