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The stomach contains several enzymes that help break down food and aid in digestion. Some of the key enzymes found in the stomach include:
1. Pepsin: Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It is produced in an inactive form called pepsinogen by the chief cells in the stomach lining. When food enters the stomach, the acidic environment activates pepsinogen to pepsin, which then starts breaking down proteins into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
2. Gastric lipase: Gastric lipase is an enzyme that helps break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. It is produced by the chief cells in the stomach lining and works in conjunction with other lipases produced in the pancreas to aid in fat digestion.
3. Hydrochloric acid: While not an enzyme, hydrochloric acid plays a crucial role in the stomach's digestive process. It helps create an acidic environment that activates pepsinogen to pepsin and also helps break down food particles for easier digestion by enzymes.
4. Intrinsic factor: Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells in the stomach lining. It is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed properly, leading to a deficiency.
Overall, these enzymes and substances work together to break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body and provide essential nutrients for energy and growth.
1. Pepsin: Pepsin is a digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. It is produced in an inactive form called pepsinogen by the chief cells in the stomach lining. When food enters the stomach, the acidic environment activates pepsinogen to pepsin, which then starts breaking down proteins into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
2. Gastric lipase: Gastric lipase is an enzyme that helps break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. It is produced by the chief cells in the stomach lining and works in conjunction with other lipases produced in the pancreas to aid in fat digestion.
3. Hydrochloric acid: While not an enzyme, hydrochloric acid plays a crucial role in the stomach's digestive process. It helps create an acidic environment that activates pepsinogen to pepsin and also helps break down food particles for easier digestion by enzymes.
4. Intrinsic factor: Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells in the stomach lining. It is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed properly, leading to a deficiency.
Overall, these enzymes and substances work together to break down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body and provide essential nutrients for energy and growth.
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