Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
- Biodegradable waste: Comprises organic matter, such as food scraps, paper, and yard waste.
- Recyclables: Includes materials like paper, plastic, metal, and glass that can be processed and reused.
- Non-recyclable waste: Consists of items that cannot be recycled, such as Styrofoam, disposable diapers, and certain types of packaging.
- Construction and demolition (C&D) waste: Includes materials generated from construction, renovation, or demolition of buildings.
- Household hazardous waste (HHW): Consists of toxic or hazardous substances found in household cleaning products, paints, solvents, and batteries.
Industrial Solid Waste
- Hazardous waste: Includes byproducts of industrial processes that pose risks to human health and the environment, such as toxic chemicals, heavy metals, and radioactive waste.
- Non-hazardous waste: Consists of inert materials, such as construction debris, packaging, and process byproducts, that do not pose significant environmental or health hazards.
Agricultural Solid Waste
- Animal waste (manure): Comprises solid or semi-solid excrement produced by livestock and poultry.
- Crop residues: Includes stalks, leaves, and other plant material left over after harvesting.
- Agricultural plastics: Consists of materials used in farming, such as irrigation tubing, mulch films, and seed trays.
Mining and Extractive Waste
- Tailings: Fine-grained waste material produced during mining processes.
- Overburden: Rock and soil removed to access mineral deposits.
- Slurry: A mixture of water, sediment, and chemicals used in mining and mineral processing.
Electronic Waste (e-Waste)
- Computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices: Include toxic components, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium.
- Batteries: Contain hazardous materials, such as acid, lead, and mercury.
Marine Solid Waste
- Plastic debris: Includes bottles, bags, straws, and other plastic items that accumulate in oceans and coastlines.
- Fishing gear: Consists of discarded nets, lines, and traps that entangle marine life and contribute to ocean pollution.
- Shipwrecks: Abandoned or sunken vessels that pose hazards to navigation and marine ecosystems.