1. National Values
- Provision: The 2016 amendment enshrined national values in Article 10 of the Constitution.
- Significance:
- Defines the core principles and values that underpin Kenyan society, including patriotism, national unity, democracy, human rights, and respect for cultural diversity.
- Serves as a guiding framework for government policies, legislation, and citizen conduct.
2. Principle Values
- Provision: The amendment added Article 10A to the Constitution, which sets out nine "principle values" that guide national life.
- Values:
- Human dignity, equality, freedom, democracy, non-discrimination, social justice, inclusivity, human rights, and the rule of law.
- Significance:
- Reinforces the importance of fundamental rights and principles, ensuring their promotion and protection by the government.
- Provides a basis for holding the government accountable for its actions and decisions.
3. Election Date
- Provision: The amendment fixed the presidential election date as the second Tuesday of August in every fifth year.
- Significance:
- Provides certainty and predictability in the electoral calendar, avoiding unnecessary delays or uncertainty.
- Allows for adequate preparation and planning by political parties, candidates, and the electoral commission.
4. Running Mate
- Provision: The amendment introduced a requirement for presidential candidates to select running mates from the same political party or coalition.
- Significance:
- Ensures that the President and Deputy President come from the same political camp, fostering unity and cohesion within the executive.
- Provides a clear line of succession in case the President is unable to serve.
5. Economic Principles
- Provision: The amendment added Article 43 to the Constitution, which outlines several economic principles.
- Principles:
- Social justice, sustainable development, equitable distribution of wealth, and protection of the environment.
- Significance:
- Shifts the focus of economic policy towards a socially inclusive and environmentally conscious approach.
- Provides constitutional safeguards for the realization of socioeconomic rights and the creation of a more just and equitable society.