Differences between types of rainfall:

1. Convectional rainfall: This type of rainfall occurs when the air near the ground is heated, causing it to rise and cool. As the air cools, water vapor condenses and forms clouds, eventually leading to precipitation. Convectional rainfall is common in tropical regions and typically occurs in the afternoon or evening.

2. Orographic rainfall: Orographic rainfall occurs when moist air is forced to rise over a mountain or hill. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, leading to precipitation on the windward side of the mountain. The leeward side of the mountain typically experiences a rain shadow effect, with drier conditions.

3. Frontal rainfall: Frontal rainfall occurs when two air masses with different temperatures and humidity levels meet. As the warmer, less dense air rises over the cooler, denser air, it cools and condenses, leading to precipitation. Frontal rainfall is common in mid-latitude regions and can result in prolonged periods of rain.

4. Cyclonic rainfall: Cyclonic rainfall occurs when a low-pressure system, such as a cyclone or tropical storm, brings moist air into an area. As the warm, moist air rises and cools, it condenses and forms clouds, leading to precipitation. Cyclonic rainfall is often associated with heavy rainfall and can result in flooding.

5. Relief rainfall: Relief rainfall occurs when moist air is forced to rise over a barrier, such as a mountain or hill. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, leading to precipitation on the windward side of the barrier. The leeward side typically experiences drier conditions due to the rain shadow effect. Relief rainfall is common in mountainous regions and can result in localized heavy rainfall.

1. Convective Rainfall:

- Cause: Intense heating of the Earth's surface, leading to the formation of updrafts and cumulonimbus clouds.
- Characteristics: Intense, localized, short-duration showers or thunderstorms.
- Examples: Afternoon showers, thunderstorms, hailstorms.

2. Orographic Rainfall:

- Cause: When moist air forced to rise over a mountain range.
- Characteristics: Occurs on the windward side of mountains, with heavy rainfall on slopes facing the moisture source.
- Examples: Rain in the Himalayas, Alps, Andes.

3. Cyclonic Rainfall:

- Cause: Associated with large-scale weather systems such as mid-latitude cyclones or tropical cyclones.
- Characteristics: Widespread, steady, long-duration rainfall.
- Examples: Frontal rainfall, hurricanes, tropical storms.

4. Monsoon Rainfall:

- Cause: Seasonal reversal of wind patterns, bringing moisture from the ocean to land.
- Characteristics: Heavy, consistent rainfall during the monsoon season, followed by a dry period.
- Examples: Indian monsoon, Asian monsoon.

5. Frontal Rainfall:

- Cause: Occurs when a warm front or cold front moves across an area.
- Characteristics: Moderate to heavy rainfall, which can be prolonged if the front stalls.
- Examples: Rain associated with weather fronts, such as squall lines.

6. Adiabatic Rainfall:

- Cause: Occurs when air rising in the atmosphere cools and condenses.
- Characteristics: Slow, gentle rainfall associated with stable weather conditions.
- Examples: Drizzle, mist, or light rain.

7. Topographic Rainfall:

- Cause: Moist air forced to rise over hills or mountains due to local topography.
- Characteristics: Localized, short-duration rainfall that can occur on the windward side of hills or mountains.
- Examples: Rainfall in valleys or coastal areas.

8. Coalescence Rainfall:

- Cause: Occurs when small cloud droplets collide and merge to form larger droplets that become too heavy to stay suspended in the air.
- Characteristics: Moderate to heavy rainfall, often associated with warm, humid environments.
- Examples: Drizzle or light rain that intensifies into heavier precipitation.