Describe typical roof truss? ?

A typical roof truss is a structural framework designed to support the roof of a building. It is usually made up of triangular shapes that distribute the weight of the roof evenly and efficiently. The truss is typically made of wood or metal and consists of horizontal top and bottom chords connected by diagonal members. The top chord is usually longer than the bottom chord to create the slope of the roof. Roof trusses are commonly used in residential and commercial construction to provide structural support for the roof and help distribute the weight of the roof to the walls of the building.

Typical Roof Truss Components:

1. Top Chord:
- Uppermost horizontal member that supports the roof loads.

2. Bottom Chord:
- Lowermost horizontal member that transfers loads to the walls or columns.

3. Web Members:
- Diagonal or vertical members that connect the top and bottom chords and provide strength and stability.

4. Gusset Plates:
- Metal plates that connect the web members to the chords. They transfer loads and strengthen the joints.

5. Tie Rods:
- Metal rods that connect the top chords of opposite roof trusses to prevent outward spreading.

6. Heel Joint:
- Where the bottom chord meets the wall or column. It is typically reinforced with metal plates.

7. Seat:
- Supports the truss on the wall or column. It can be notched into the wall or attached with metal connectors.

8. End Braces:
- Short diagonal members that connect the top and bottom chords near the ends of the truss, providing additional stability.

Typical Roof Truss Types:

1. King Post Truss:
- Simplest truss type, consisting of a vertical member (king post) connecting the top chord to the center of the bottom chord.

2. Queen Post Truss:
- Similar to a king post truss, but with two vertical members (queen posts) connecting the top chord to the bottom chord.

3. Howe Truss:
- Consists of diagonal web members that form a "W" shape, with vertical members (vertical ties) connecting the top and bottom chords.

4. Pratt Truss:
- Has diagonal web members that form an "N" shape, with tension members (diagonal ties) connecting the top and bottom chords.

5. Scissors Truss:
- A variation of the Pratt truss, with a shorter bottom chord and steeper slope. It is commonly used for gable roofs.