Describe the effector functions of activated compliment?

Activated complement proteins have several effector functions that help to eliminate pathogens and promote inflammation. These include:

1. Opsonization: Complement proteins can coat the surface of pathogens, making them more easily recognized and engulfed by phagocytic cells such as macrophages and neutrophils.

2. Chemotaxis: Complement proteins can attract immune cells to the site of infection by releasing chemotactic factors that signal the migration of neutrophils and macrophages.

3. Cell lysis: The formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) by complement proteins can create pores in the membrane of target cells, leading to cell lysis and death.

4. Inflammation: Complement proteins can activate mast cells and basophils, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine and prostaglandins that promote inflammation and recruit more immune cells to the site of infection.

5. Clearance of immune complexes: Complement proteins can help to clear immune complexes from the circulation by promoting their uptake and clearance by phagocytic cells.

Overall, the effector functions of activated complement play a crucial role in the immune response to pathogens and help to eliminate infections and promote tissue repair.