Describe the concept of monohybrid inheritance?

Monohybrid inheritance refers to the inheritance of a single gene or trait from one generation to the next. This concept focuses on the study of the inheritance patterns of a single gene, typically with two alleles, one dominant and one recessive.

In monohybrid inheritance, offspring inherit one allele from each parent, resulting in three possible genotypes: homozygous dominant (both alleles are dominant), heterozygous (one dominant and one recessive allele), and homozygous recessive (both alleles are recessive). The dominant allele will always be expressed in the phenotype, while the recessive allele will only be expressed if both alleles are recessive.

Monohybrid inheritance follows Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment, which explain how alleles are randomly distributed during gamete formation and how different genes are inherited independently of each other. This concept is fundamental in understanding the inheritance patterns of single traits in genetics.