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Peptide hormones are a type of hormone that are made up of short chains of amino acids. They are classified based on their structure, function, and mode of action.
1. Structure: Peptide hormones are classified based on the number of amino acids in their chain. Small peptides have fewer than 10 amino acids, while larger peptides have between 10 and 100 amino acids. Examples of small peptides include oxytocin and vasopressin, while larger peptides include insulin and growth hormone.
2. Function: Peptide hormones can be classified based on their function in the body. For example, some peptide hormones regulate metabolism (insulin), while others regulate growth and development (growth hormone). Some peptide hormones act as neurotransmitters in the brain (endorphins), while others regulate the reproductive system (gonadotropins).
3. Mode of action: Peptide hormones can be classified based on how they interact with their target cells. Some peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface and activate a signaling pathway inside the cell (insulin), while others enter the cell and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus (thyroid hormones).
Overall, peptide hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body and are essential for maintaining homeostasis.
1. Structure: Peptide hormones are classified based on the number of amino acids in their chain. Small peptides have fewer than 10 amino acids, while larger peptides have between 10 and 100 amino acids. Examples of small peptides include oxytocin and vasopressin, while larger peptides include insulin and growth hormone.
2. Function: Peptide hormones can be classified based on their function in the body. For example, some peptide hormones regulate metabolism (insulin), while others regulate growth and development (growth hormone). Some peptide hormones act as neurotransmitters in the brain (endorphins), while others regulate the reproductive system (gonadotropins).
3. Mode of action: Peptide hormones can be classified based on how they interact with their target cells. Some peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface and activate a signaling pathway inside the cell (insulin), while others enter the cell and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus (thyroid hormones).
Overall, peptide hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body and are essential for maintaining homeostasis.
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