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Apr 24
Cerebrospinal pleocytosis is a condition characterized by an increased number of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid, which is the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. This can be a sign of inflammation or infection in the central nervous system. Symptoms of cerebrospinal pleocytosis can include headache, fever, neck stiffness, and confusion. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the inflammation or infection.
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Google Gemini AI
Apr 24
Cerebrospinal Pleocytosis
Cerebrospinal pleocytosis is an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells (pleocytosis) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which bathes the brain and spinal cord.
Normal Range:
- Adults: <5 white blood cells/μL
- Children: <10 white blood cells/μL
Causes:
Pleocytosis can be caused by various conditions, including:
- Infections: Meningitis, encephalitis, neurosyphilis, brain abscess
- Inflammation: Multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Neoplasms: Leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors
- Traumatic injury: Head injury, spinal cord injury
- Drugs: Methotrexate, vincristine, intrathecal chemotherapy
Types:
Pleocytosis can be classified based on the type of white blood cells present:
- Neutrophilic: Usually indicates a bacterial infection
- Lymphocytic: Often associated with viral infections or autoimmune disorders
- Mixed: Can occur with various conditions
Clinical Significance:
Cerebrospinal pleocytosis is an important indicator of underlying neurological pathology. The presence and type of pleocytosis can help guide further diagnostic and treatment decisions.
Diagnosis:
Pleocytosis is diagnosed through a lumbar puncture, which involves collecting CSF from the spinal canal. The CSF is analyzed for white blood cell count, cell type, protein, and glucose levels.
Treatment:
Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the pleocytosis. Antibiotics are given for bacterial infections, antiviral medications for viral infections, and steroids for inflammatory conditions. In some cases, surgery or other therapies may be necessary.
Cerebrospinal pleocytosis is an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells (pleocytosis) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which bathes the brain and spinal cord.
Normal Range:
- Adults: <5 white blood cells/μL
- Children: <10 white blood cells/μL
Causes:
Pleocytosis can be caused by various conditions, including:
- Infections: Meningitis, encephalitis, neurosyphilis, brain abscess
- Inflammation: Multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Neoplasms: Leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors
- Traumatic injury: Head injury, spinal cord injury
- Drugs: Methotrexate, vincristine, intrathecal chemotherapy
Types:
Pleocytosis can be classified based on the type of white blood cells present:
- Neutrophilic: Usually indicates a bacterial infection
- Lymphocytic: Often associated with viral infections or autoimmune disorders
- Mixed: Can occur with various conditions
Clinical Significance:
Cerebrospinal pleocytosis is an important indicator of underlying neurological pathology. The presence and type of pleocytosis can help guide further diagnostic and treatment decisions.
Diagnosis:
Pleocytosis is diagnosed through a lumbar puncture, which involves collecting CSF from the spinal canal. The CSF is analyzed for white blood cell count, cell type, protein, and glucose levels.
Treatment:
Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the pleocytosis. Antibiotics are given for bacterial infections, antiviral medications for viral infections, and steroids for inflammatory conditions. In some cases, surgery or other therapies may be necessary.
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