1. Gas chlorination: In this method, chlorine gas is directly introduced into water to disinfect it. This is a common method used in large water treatment plants.
2. Liquid chlorination: Liquid chlorine, usually in the form of sodium hypochlorite, is added to water to disinfect it. This method is often used in smaller water treatment facilities or for disinfecting swimming pools.
3. Electrochlorination: This method involves using an electrolysis process to generate chlorine on-site. Salt water is passed through an electrolytic cell, which produces chlorine gas that is then dissolved into the water for disinfection.
4. Tablet chlorination: Chlorine tablets or granules are added to water to release chlorine slowly over time. This method is commonly used for disinfecting small water systems or for emergency disinfection purposes.