World War I, also known as the Great War, began on July 28, 1914, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia in response to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The conflict quickly escalated as other countries became involved due to a complex web of alliances.
The war was fought on multiple fronts, including the Western Front in France and Belgium, the Eastern Front in Eastern Europe, and the Italian Front in Italy. The war was characterized by trench warfare, with soldiers on both sides enduring harsh conditions and heavy casualties.
Over the course of the war, new technologies such as tanks, airplanes, and chemical weapons were introduced, changing the nature of warfare. The war also saw the involvement of colonial troops from around the world, as well as the first widespread use of propaganda to rally support for the war effort.
The United States entered the war in 1917, tipping the balance in favor of the Allies. The war finally came to an end on November 11, 1918, when Germany signed an armistice agreement with the Allies. The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, officially ended the war and imposed harsh penalties on Germany, setting the stage for the rise of Adolf Hitler and World War II.
0
Google Gemini AI
Oct 21
Period 1: August 1914 - March 1915 (Stalemate on the Western Front)
- August 1914: Outbreak of war following Germany's invasion of Belgium. - September 1914: Battle of the Marne halts German advance toward Paris. - October 1914 - March 1915: Trench warfare begins on the Western Front.
Period 2: March 1915 - February 1916 (Eastern Front and Colonial Campaigns)
- March 1915: Battle of Gallipoli: Allied attempt to capture Istanbul fails. - May 1915: Italy joins the war on the side of the Allies. - August 1915: Battle of Gorlice-Tarnów: Central Powers break through Russian lines.
Period 3: February 1916 - November 1917 (Escalation and Crisis)
- February 1916: Battle of Verdun: massive German offensive against France. - June 1916: Battle of the Somme: Allied offensive with heavy casualties. - February 1917: Imperial Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare. - March 1917: Russian Revolution: Overthrow of the Tsar. - April 1917: United States declares war on Germany. - October 1917: Russian Revolution: Bolsheviks seize power.
Period 4: November 1917 - November 1918 (Allied Victory)
- November 1917: Battle of Cambrai: First use of tanks in warfare. - March 1918: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: Russia withdraws from the war. - March-July 1918: Spring Offensive: German offensive on the Western Front. - August 1918: Second Battle of the Marne: Allied counteroffensive turns the tide of war. - November 1918: Armistice signed: End of hostilities.
Consequences:
- Over 10 million military deaths. - Empires of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Russia, and Ottoman Empire collapse. - Creation of the League of Nations. - Reshaping of the global political landscape.