Compare and contrast deontological and teleological ethic using your own Example?

Deontological ethics, also known as duty-based ethics, focuses on the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, rather than the consequences of those actions. This means that certain actions are considered morally right or wrong regardless of the outcome. For example, lying is considered morally wrong in deontological ethics, even if it results in a positive outcome.

On the other hand, teleological ethics, also known as consequentialist ethics, focuses on the consequences of actions rather than the actions themselves. This means that the morality of an action is determined by the outcome it produces. For example, if lying results in saving someone's life, it may be considered morally justified in teleological ethics.

To illustrate the difference between deontological and teleological ethics, let's consider the example of a doctor who is faced with a difficult decision. In a deontological framework, the doctor would be obligated to always tell the truth to their patients, regardless of the consequences. So, if a patient asks about a terminal illness and the doctor knows the truth, they would be morally obligated to disclose the information, even if it causes distress to the patient.

In contrast, in a teleological framework, the doctor would consider the potential consequences of telling the truth versus withholding the information. If telling the truth would cause unnecessary harm or distress to the patient, the doctor may choose to withhold the information in order to prioritize the well-being of the patient.

Overall, deontological ethics focuses on the inherent moral principles that guide our actions, while teleological ethics prioritizes the outcomes or consequences of those actions. Both approaches have their strengths and weaknesses, and the choice between them often depends on the specific situation and values of the individual.

Deontological Ethics

- Focuses on duties and obligations: These ethics prioritize following moral rules and principles, regardless of the consequences.
- Actions are judged based on their intrinsic nature: An action is considered right or wrong based on its inherent characteristics, not its impact on outcomes.
- Example: A deontologist might argue that it is always wrong to lie, even if it would result in the greater good.

Teleological Ethics

- Focuses on consequences: These ethics evaluate actions based on their outcomes.
- Actions are judged based on their utility: The rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by whether it maximizes happiness, reduces suffering, or otherwise promotes the greatest good.
- Example: A teleologist might argue that it is permissible to lie if it would save a life.

Comparison

| Feature | Deontological | Teleological |
|---|---|---|
| Focus | Compliance with rules | Maximization of utility |
| Judgement | Inherent nature of actions | Consequences of actions |
| Motivation | Duty and obligation | Pursuit of the greater good |

Contrast

| Situation | Deontological Approach | Teleological Approach |
|---|---|---|
| Stealing a loaf of bread to feed a starving family | Wrong, regardless of the need | Right, if it maximizes overall well-being |
| Lying to a murderer about the whereabouts of their victim | Wrong, even if it would prevent a murder | Right, if it saves a life |
| Sacrificing one person to save five | Wrong, violates the rights of the individual | Right, maximizes the greater good |