Research can be classified into different categories based on various criteria. Some common classifications of research include:
1. Basic research: Also known as pure or fundamental research, this type of research is conducted to expand knowledge and understanding of a particular topic without any immediate practical application.
2. Applied research: This type of research is conducted to solve specific problems or address practical issues. It aims to generate solutions or develop new products, processes, or technologies.
3. Quantitative research: This type of research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data to test hypotheses and answer research questions. It typically uses statistical methods to draw conclusions.
4. Qualitative research: This type of research focuses on understanding the underlying reasons, motivations, and opinions of individuals. It involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data, such as interviews, observations, and textual analysis.
5. Descriptive research: This type of research aims to describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon. It does not involve testing hypotheses or making predictions.
6. Exploratory research: This type of research is conducted to explore a new topic or area of study. It aims to generate ideas, hypotheses, or research questions for further investigation.
7. Experimental research: This type of research involves manipulating one or more variables to observe the effect on another variable. It aims to establish cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
8. Cross-sectional research: This type of research collects data from a single point in time to study a population or phenomenon. It provides a snapshot of the current situation.
9. Longitudinal research: This type of research collects data from the same sample over an extended period of time to study changes or trends. It allows researchers to track developments and observe patterns over time.
10. Action research: This type of research is conducted in collaboration with stakeholders to address real-world problems and bring about positive change. It often involves a cyclical process of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting.