Structural Causes:
- Economic inequality: Uneven distribution of wealth and income, leading to unequal access to resources and opportunities.
- Lack of economic growth: Limited employment opportunities, low wages, and poor infrastructure.
- Globalization: Outsourcing of jobs to low-wage countries, leading to job losses and wage stagnation.
- Government policies: Austerity measures, deregulation, and tax policies that favor the wealthy.
Individual Causes:
- Lack of education and skills: Limited access to quality education and training, reducing employability and earning potential.
- Health issues: Chronic illnesses, disabilities, and mental health problems can hinder job performance and income generation.
- Personal circumstances: Unemployment, divorce, family breakdown, and homelessness can create financial hardship.
- Addiction: Substance abuse can lead to job loss, impaired decision-making, and increased healthcare costs.
Cultural and Social Factors:
- Discrimination: Bias and prejudice based on race, gender, ethnicity, or religion can limit access to education, employment, and housing.
- Social isolation: Lack of social support, community engagement, and role models can perpetuate poverty.
- Historical legacies: Past policies and practices, such as slavery and colonialism, can create ongoing disparities.
- Cultural norms: Beliefs and values that discourage education, entrepreneurship, and saving money.
Environmental Factors:
- Natural disasters: Earthquakes, floods, and droughts can destroy homes, crops, and livelihoods.
- Climate change: Rising sea levels, droughts, and extreme weather events can displace populations and disrupt economic activities.
- Resource scarcity: Limited access to clean water, energy, and food can create economic challenges and vulnerability.
Other Causes:
- War and conflict: Displacement, destruction of infrastructure, and loss of lives.
- Disease pandemics: Spread of infectious diseases can cripple economies and healthcare systems.
- Corruption: Misuse of public funds and resources for personal gain, undermining economic development.