Causes of maize production to decrease in Nyandeni Local Municipality.

1. Drought: Maize production in Nyandeni Local Municipality may decrease due to prolonged periods of drought, which can lead to water scarcity and reduced crop yields.

2. Pest infestations: Insect pests such as armyworms and stalk borers can damage maize crops, leading to decreased production.

3. Soil degradation: Poor soil quality, erosion, and nutrient depletion can negatively impact maize production in Nyandeni Local Municipality.

4. Lack of access to inputs: Farmers in the municipality may face challenges in accessing quality seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, which can hinder maize production.

5. Climate change: Changing weather patterns, such as erratic rainfall and extreme temperatures, can affect maize production in Nyandeni Local Municipality.

6. Lack of agricultural extension services: Limited access to agricultural extension services and information on best practices can result in lower maize yields.

7. Land tenure issues: Land disputes and insecure land tenure can discourage farmers from investing in maize production, leading to decreased output.

8. Market access: Limited access to markets and low prices for maize can discourage farmers from investing in production, resulting in decreased overall production levels.