Briefly explain the mechanism of exhalation?

Exhalation, also known as expiration, is the process of breathing out air from the lungs. It is a passive process that occurs when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size. This increase in pressure within the lungs forces air out through the nose and mouth. The process of exhalation helps to remove carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, from the body.

Exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs. It is an active process that involves the contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

1. Diaphragm contraction: The diaphragm is a large muscle located at the bottom of the chest cavity. When it contracts, it flattens and moves upward, increasing the volume of the chest cavity.
2. Intercostal muscle contraction: The intercostal muscles are located between the ribs. When they contract, they pull the ribs upward and outward, further increasing the volume of the chest cavity.
3. Increased volume: The increase in chest cavity volume causes a decrease in pressure inside the lungs. As a result, air is expelled from the lungs through the airways and out through the nose and mouth.