a)The Pan-africanist Congress of 1945 b)Cooperatives c)Trade unions d)Welfare Association clubs e)Independent churches What are the roles played by above groups in the nationalism of west Africa? ?

a) The Pan-Africanist Congress of 1945 played a significant role in promoting the idea of African unity and independence from colonial rule. It brought together African leaders and activists to discuss and strategize on how to achieve self-determination for African nations.

b) Cooperatives played a role in promoting economic self-sufficiency and empowerment among African communities. By pooling resources and working together, cooperatives helped to improve the economic conditions of their members and reduce dependence on colonial authorities.

c) Trade unions played a crucial role in advocating for the rights and interests of African workers. They fought for better working conditions, fair wages, and workers' rights, which were often neglected by colonial authorities.

d) Welfare Association clubs provided social support and assistance to African communities, particularly in times of need. They helped to strengthen community bonds and solidarity, and also played a role in advocating for social justice and equality.

e) Independent churches played a role in promoting African cultural identity and spirituality, and provided a platform for African voices to be heard. They often served as centers of resistance against colonial oppression and played a role in mobilizing communities for nationalist movements.

a) The Pan-africanist Congress of 1945:
- Aimed to promote unity and cooperation among African people worldwide.
- Advocated for African self-determination and independence.
- Provided a platform for African leaders to share ideas and strategies.

b) Cooperatives:
- Engaged farmers and workers in mutual aid activities.
- Promoted economic independence and reduced reliance on colonial exploitation.

c) Trade unions:
- Represented the interests of workers and advocated for better working conditions and wages.
- Provided a means for workers to organize and negotiate with colonial authorities.

d) Welfare Association clubs:
- Provided social welfare services to communities, such as healthcare and education.
- Fostered a sense of community and identity among Africans.

e) Independent churches:
- Broke away from European-controlled churches and established African-led religious institutions.
- Provided a platform for the expression of African spirituality and cultural values.
- Played a role in spreading anti-colonial messages and fostering African unity.