Material Culture:
- Artifacts: Tangible objects like tools, utensils, clothing, buildings, and works of art
- Technology: Knowledge and skills used to create and use artifacts
- Economy: Production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
Non-Material Culture:
- Values: Beliefs and principles that guide behavior (e.g., honesty, respect, family)
- Norms: Expectations for behavior within a society (e.g., table manners, greetings)
- Beliefs: Ideas about the world and its workings (e.g., religious beliefs, superstitions)
- Language: System of spoken or written symbols used for communication
- Education: Process of transmitting knowledge and skills
- Religion: Beliefs and practices related to the supernatural or spiritual
- Art: Creative expression through music, dance, literature, painting, etc.
- Rituals: Formalized behaviors with symbolic significance (e.g., weddings, funerals)
- Symbols: Objects, actions, or words that represent something else (e.g., flags, logos, handshakes)
- Social Institutions: Organized systems that fulfill basic societal needs (e.g., family, education, government)
Other Aspects:
- Culture as a System: Interrelated elements that function together as a whole
- Cultural Diversity: Differences in culture across different groups and societies
- Cultural Change: Processes by which culture evolves over time
- Enculturation: Process by which individuals learn and acquire their culture
- Cultural Relativism: Understanding different cultures on their own terms, without judgment
- Globalization: Interconnection and exchange of ideas, values, and practices across cultures