1. Primary Minerals: These minerals are formed when rocks are formed. They are typically hard, dense, and resistant to weathering. Examples of primary minerals include quartz, feldspar, and mica. 2. Secondary Minerals: These minerals are formed when primary minerals are weathered. They are typically softer, less dense, and more soluble than primary minerals. Examples of secondary minerals include clay minerals, iron oxides, and carbonates. 3. Organic Matter: This material is composed of the remains of plants and animals. It is an important source of nutrients for plants. 4. Water: Water is essential for plant growth. It helps to dissolve nutrients and transport them to plants. 5. Air: Air is important for plant growth. It provides oxygen for plant respiration and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.