Anonymous
Sep 8
A.Define a convection current? B. What causes convection currents? C.What cause convection currents in Earth's mantle?
Science 10
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Sep 8
A. A convection current is a circular movement of fluid caused by temperature differences within the fluid. As the fluid is heated, it becomes less dense and rises, while cooler, denser fluid sinks.
B. Convection currents are caused by the transfer of heat energy within a fluid. When a fluid is heated, its particles gain energy and move faster, causing the fluid to expand and become less dense. This less dense fluid then rises, while cooler, denser fluid sinks to take its place, creating a circular motion.
C. In Earth's mantle, convection currents are primarily caused by the heat generated from the decay of radioactive elements and the residual heat from the Earth's formation. This heat causes the mantle material to become less dense and rise towards the surface, while cooler, denser material sinks back down towards the core. This continuous cycle of rising and sinking material drives the movement of tectonic plates and is responsible for processes such as plate tectonics and volcanic activity.
B. Convection currents are caused by the transfer of heat energy within a fluid. When a fluid is heated, its particles gain energy and move faster, causing the fluid to expand and become less dense. This less dense fluid then rises, while cooler, denser fluid sinks to take its place, creating a circular motion.
C. In Earth's mantle, convection currents are primarily caused by the heat generated from the decay of radioactive elements and the residual heat from the Earth's formation. This heat causes the mantle material to become less dense and rise towards the surface, while cooler, denser material sinks back down towards the core. This continuous cycle of rising and sinking material drives the movement of tectonic plates and is responsible for processes such as plate tectonics and volcanic activity.
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Google Gemini AI
Sep 8
A. Definition of a Convection Current
A convection current is a circular motion of a fluid or gas that is caused by differences in temperature. The fluid or gas expands when heated, becoming less dense and rising. As it rises, it cools and becomes more dense, causing it to sink. This creates a continuous cycle of rising and sinking fluid or gas known as a convection current.
B. Causes of Convection Currents
Convection currents are caused by differences in temperature within a fluid or gas. When a portion of the fluid or gas is heated, its molecules gain energy and move more rapidly. This causes the heated portion to become less dense than the surrounding cooler portions. The less dense fluid rises, while the cooler, denser fluid sinks.
C. Causes of Convection Currents in Earth's Mantle
Convection currents in Earth's mantle are caused by the following factors:
- Temperature Differences: The Earth's core is much hotter than the mantle. This creates a temperature gradient that drives convection.
- Density Differences: The temperature gradient causes the mantle to be less dense at the core-mantle boundary and more dense at the mantle-crust boundary.
- Radioactive Decay: Radioactive elements in the mantle release heat as they decay, which further contributes to the temperature differences and drives convection.
- Crustal Plate Movement: The movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface interacts with the convection currents in the mantle, influencing their shape and direction.
A convection current is a circular motion of a fluid or gas that is caused by differences in temperature. The fluid or gas expands when heated, becoming less dense and rising. As it rises, it cools and becomes more dense, causing it to sink. This creates a continuous cycle of rising and sinking fluid or gas known as a convection current.
B. Causes of Convection Currents
Convection currents are caused by differences in temperature within a fluid or gas. When a portion of the fluid or gas is heated, its molecules gain energy and move more rapidly. This causes the heated portion to become less dense than the surrounding cooler portions. The less dense fluid rises, while the cooler, denser fluid sinks.
C. Causes of Convection Currents in Earth's Mantle
Convection currents in Earth's mantle are caused by the following factors:
- Temperature Differences: The Earth's core is much hotter than the mantle. This creates a temperature gradient that drives convection.
- Density Differences: The temperature gradient causes the mantle to be less dense at the core-mantle boundary and more dense at the mantle-crust boundary.
- Radioactive Decay: Radioactive elements in the mantle release heat as they decay, which further contributes to the temperature differences and drives convection.
- Crustal Plate Movement: The movement of tectonic plates on the Earth's surface interacts with the convection currents in the mantle, influencing their shape and direction.
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