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6 differences between meiosis and mitosis?
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Nov 10, 2023
1. Number of divisions: Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in four daughter cells, while mitosis involves only one round of division, resulting in two daughter cells.
2. Genetic variation: Meiosis generates genetic diversity through the process of crossing over, where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This results in the shuffling and recombination of genetic information. Mitosis, on the other hand, produces genetically identical daughter cells.
3. Chromosome number: Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid cells (containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell). Mitosis maintains the same chromosome number as the parent cell, resulting in diploid cells.
4. Purpose: Meiosis is specifically involved in the production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Mitosis is involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
5. Synapsis: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo synapsis, forming structures called tetrads. This allows for crossing over and genetic recombination. In mitosis, there is no synapsis or crossing over.
6. Phases: Meiosis consists of two main phases: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II involves the separation of sister chromatids. Mitosis consists of four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
2. Genetic variation: Meiosis generates genetic diversity through the process of crossing over, where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This results in the shuffling and recombination of genetic information. Mitosis, on the other hand, produces genetically identical daughter cells.
3. Chromosome number: Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid cells (containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell). Mitosis maintains the same chromosome number as the parent cell, resulting in diploid cells.
4. Purpose: Meiosis is specifically involved in the production of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Mitosis is involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
5. Synapsis: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and undergo synapsis, forming structures called tetrads. This allows for crossing over and genetic recombination. In mitosis, there is no synapsis or crossing over.
6. Phases: Meiosis consists of two main phases: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I involves the separation of homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II involves the separation of sister chromatids. Mitosis consists of four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
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