Anonymous
Mar 29
(1) Describe the transmission and pa tho tho pathogenesis of rabies? (2) In canines the clinical course is divided into phases or forms.describe in detail the three phases of rabies?
Rabies is described as an acute, viral infection affecting the nervous system of all warm blooded animals.
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Mar 29
(1) Rabies is a viral disease that is transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, usually through a bite. The virus enters the body through the wound and travels along the nerves to the brain. Once in the brain, the virus causes inflammation and damage, leading to the symptoms of rabies. The virus can also be transmitted through mucous membranes or broken skin if infected saliva comes into contact with them.
The pathogenesis of rabies involves the virus replicating in muscle cells near the site of infection before traveling along peripheral nerves to the central nervous system. Once in the brain, the virus spreads rapidly, causing inflammation and damage to the brain tissue. This leads to the characteristic symptoms of rabies, including fever, headache, agitation, confusion, hallucinations, paralysis, and eventually death.
(2) In canines, the clinical course of rabies is divided into three phases: prodromal, furious, and paralytic.
- Prodromal phase: This phase lasts for 1-3 days and is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, headache, and malaise. The animal may also exhibit behavioral changes such as restlessness, anxiety, and aggression. This phase is often overlooked or mistaken for other illnesses.
- Furious phase: This phase typically lasts for 3-7 days and is characterized by extreme aggression, hyperactivity, and agitation. The animal may exhibit erratic behavior, such as biting at objects or people, and may have difficulty swallowing. This phase is often associated with the classic image of a rabid animal foaming at the mouth.
- Paralytic phase: This phase occurs in about 20% of rabies cases and typically lasts for 2-4 days. The animal becomes progressively weaker and may develop paralysis, especially in the hind limbs. The animal may also exhibit difficulty breathing and swallowing. Death usually occurs due to respiratory failure.
It is important to note that not all animals will exhibit all three phases of rabies, and the clinical course can vary depending on the species and individual animal. Early recognition and treatment of rabies are crucial in preventing the spread of the disease.
The pathogenesis of rabies involves the virus replicating in muscle cells near the site of infection before traveling along peripheral nerves to the central nervous system. Once in the brain, the virus spreads rapidly, causing inflammation and damage to the brain tissue. This leads to the characteristic symptoms of rabies, including fever, headache, agitation, confusion, hallucinations, paralysis, and eventually death.
(2) In canines, the clinical course of rabies is divided into three phases: prodromal, furious, and paralytic.
- Prodromal phase: This phase lasts for 1-3 days and is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, headache, and malaise. The animal may also exhibit behavioral changes such as restlessness, anxiety, and aggression. This phase is often overlooked or mistaken for other illnesses.
- Furious phase: This phase typically lasts for 3-7 days and is characterized by extreme aggression, hyperactivity, and agitation. The animal may exhibit erratic behavior, such as biting at objects or people, and may have difficulty swallowing. This phase is often associated with the classic image of a rabid animal foaming at the mouth.
- Paralytic phase: This phase occurs in about 20% of rabies cases and typically lasts for 2-4 days. The animal becomes progressively weaker and may develop paralysis, especially in the hind limbs. The animal may also exhibit difficulty breathing and swallowing. Death usually occurs due to respiratory failure.
It is important to note that not all animals will exhibit all three phases of rabies, and the clinical course can vary depending on the species and individual animal. Early recognition and treatment of rabies are crucial in preventing the spread of the disease.
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