What is female dog sterilization female?

Female dog sterilization, also known as spaying, is a surgical procedure in which a female dog's reproductive organs (ovaries and uterus) are removed to prevent her from becoming pregnant and reproducing. This procedure is commonly done to control the pet population, prevent unwanted litters, and reduce the risk of certain health issues in female dogs, such as uterine infections and certain types of cancer.

Ovariohysterectomy